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Virgil Thomson : ウィキペディア英語版 | Virgil Thomson
Virgil Thomson (November 25, 1896September 30, 1989) was an American composer and critic. He was instrumental in the development of the "American Sound" in classical music. He has been described as a modernist,〔Dickinson, Peter. 1986. "Stein Satie Cummings Thomson Berners Cage: Toward a Context for the Music of Virgil Thomson". ''Musical Quarterly'' 72, no. 3:394–409.〕〔Lerner, Neil William. 1997. "The Classical Documentary Score in American Films of Persuasion: Contexts and Case Studies, 1936–1945". PhD diss. Duke University.〕〔Kime, Mary W. 1989. "Modernism and Americana: A Study of 'The Mother of Us All'". ''Ars Musica Denver'' 2, no. 1 (Fall): pp. 24–29.〕〔McDonough 1989 〕〔Watson, Steven. 1998. ''Prepare for Saints: Gertrude Stein, Virgil Thomson, and the Mainstreaming of American Modernism''. New York: Random House, 1998; ISBN 0-679-44139-5 (cloth); reissued in paperback, University of California Berkeley Press, 2000; ISBN 0-520-22353-5 〕 a neoclassicist,〔Glanville-Hicks, Peggy. 1949b. "Virgil Thomson". ''Musical Quarterly'' 35, no. 2 (April): 209–25, citation on p. 210〕 a composer of "an Olympian blend of humanity and detachment"〔Glanville-Hicks, Peggy. 1949a. "Virgil Thomson: ''Four Saints in Three Acts''". ''Notes'', second series, 6, no. 2 (March): pp. 328–30.〕 whose "expressive voice was always carefully muted" until his late opera ''Lord Byron'' which, in contrast to all his previous work, exhibited an emotional content that rises to "moments of real passion",〔Griffiths, Paul. 2001. “Thomson, Virgil”, in ''The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians'', second edition, edited by Stanley Sadie and John Tyrrell. London: Macmillan Publishers; New York: Grove's Dictionaries.〕 and a neoromantic.〔Thomson, Virgil. 2002. ''Virgil Thomson: A Reader: Selected Writings, 1924–1984'', edited by Richard Kostelanetz. New York: Routledge; ISBN 0-415-93795-7. pg. 268〕 ==Biography==
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